环境：linux: deepIn 15.11windows: win7
前言
Secure Shell（SSH）是一种加密网络协议，用于在不安全的网络上安全地运行网络服务。 典型的应用程序包括远程命令行登录和远程命令执行，但是任何网络服务都可以使用SSH进行保护。
本文介绍如何使用ssh命令进行远程连接。
1.ssh服务端安装
# debian/deepin/ubuntu
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
# redhat/centos
sudo yum install openssh-server
# 启动ssh服务
sudo systemctl start sshd
# 设置ssh开机自启动
sudo systemctl enable sshd
ssh服务配置
vi /etc/ssh/ssh_config
2.ssh命令安装
2.1 linux
# debian/deepin/ubuntu
sudo apt-get install openssh-client
# redhat/centos
sudo yum install openssh-clients
2.2 windows
ssh在windows下的命令主要包括ssh.exe、scp.exe、sftp.exe
- MobaXterm(★)
Windows增强版终端，支持SSH客户端、widnows终端(支持基本linux命令)、VNC、FTP、串口等协议等
version: MobaXterm Home Edition v20.2
https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/
- openssh
OpenSSH for Windows
version:setupssh-8.3p1-1.exe
https://www.mls-software.com
3.ssh命令的使用
3.1 ssh远程连接
用法
usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface]
[-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port]
[-E log_file] [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11]
[-i identity_file] [-J [user@]host[:port]] [-L address]
[-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port]
[-Q query_option] [-R address] [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port]
[-w local_tun[:remote_tun]] destination [command]
连接到192.168.129.164的用户dev
ssh dev@192.168.129.164 -p 22
ssh dev@192.168.129.164 -p 22
dev@192.168.129.164's password:
Welcome to Deepin 15.11 GNU/Linux
* Homepage:https://www.deepin.org/
* Bugreport:https://feedback.deepin.org/feedback/
* Community:https://bbs.deepin.org/
Last login: Thu Jun 25 18:10:26 2020 from 192.168.129.1
dev@dev-PC:~$ ls
b b.txt Desktop Documents Downloads Music Pictures Videos 模板
3.2 ssh上传文件(夹)
- scp命令（不需要连接ssh）
用法
usage: scp [-346BCpqrTv] [-c cipher] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file]
[-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port]
[-S program] source ... target
ssh上传文件a.txt到~目录ssh上传文件a文件夹到~目录
scp a.txt dev@192.168.129.164:~
scp -r a dev@192.168.129.164:~
scp a.txt dev@192.168.129.164:~
dev@192.168.129.164's password:
a.txt 100% 0 0.0KB/s 00:00
scp -r a dev@192.168.129.164:~
dev@192.168.129.164's password:
ssh dev@192.168.129.164 -p 22
dev@dev-PC:~$ ls -l
总用量 32
drwxrwx--- 2 dev dev 4096 6月 25 18:13 a
-rwxr-x--- 1 dev dev 0 6月 25 18:11 a.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 dev dev 0 6月 25 18:17 b
-rw-r--r-- 1 dev dev 0 6月 25 18:18 b.txt
...
- lzsz命令（需要连接ssh，需要SSH客户端支持）
安装
# debian/deepin/ubuntu
sudo apt-get install lrzsz
# redhat/centos
sudo yum install lrzsz
- sftp命令（不需要未连接ssh）
sftp dev@192.168.129.164
dev@192.168.129.164's password:
Connected to 192.168.129.164.
sftp> put C:/a.txt .
Uploading C:/a.txt to /home/dev/./a.txt
C:/a.txt 100% 0 0.0KB/s 00:00
sftp> ls
Desktop Documents Downloads Music Pictures Videos a.txt b
b.txt 模板
3.3 ssh下载文件(夹)
- scp命令（不需要连接ssh）
用法
usage: scp [-346BCpqrTv] [-c cipher] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file]
[-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port]
[-S program] source ... target
ssh上传文件b.txt到当前目录ssh上传文件b文件夹到当前目录
scp dev@192.168.129.164:~/b.txt .
scp -r dev@192.168.129.164:~/b .
scp dev@192.168.129.164:~/b.txt .
dev@192.168.129.164's password:
b.txt 100% 0 0.0KB/s 00:00
scp -r dev@192.168.129.164:~/b .
dev@192.168.129.164's password:
ls -l
total 2
drwxr-xr-x 1 win7 UsersGrp 0 Jun 25 18:07 a
-rw-r--r-- 1 win7 UsersGrp 0 Jun 25 18:07 a.txt
drwxr-xr-x 1 win7 UsersGrp 0 Jun 25 18:19 b
-rw-r--r-- 1 win7 UsersGrp 0 Jun 25 18:19 b.txt
...
- lzsz命令（需要连接ssh，需要SSH客户端支持）
安装
# debian/deepin/ubuntu
sudo apt-get install lrzsz
# redhat/centos
sudo yum install lrzsz
- sftp命令(不需要连接ssh)
sftp dev@192.168.129.164
dev@192.168.129.164's password:
Connected to 192.168.129.164.
sftp> get b.txt C:/
Fetching /home/dev/b.txt to C:/b.txt